Pollution In Air


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Pollution In Air

Pollution In Air: Air pollution is mainly caused by the discharge of gases and particles from sources, such as domestic fires.coal-fired power stations, motor vehicles and factories, into the atmosphere.

Carbon dioxide: Carbon dioxide is not harmful in itself but the proportion of the gas in the atmosphere appears to be increasing. Some scientists predict that if this continues; carbon dioxide will eventually form a 'blanket around the earth, which will stop escape of heat and cause temperature to rise. The effects on farming throughout the world would be profound. In addition, ocean level would rise as result of the polar ice-caps melting, and cause flooding of coastal lands.

Smoke: This is mainly a suspension of carbon particles in the air. It reduces the amount of sunlight reaching the earth, which in turn affects many processes, such as photosynthesis when combined with water vapour. Smoke may give rise to 'smog', an irritation fog, which aggravates asthma and other lung complaints.

Sulphur dioxide: This gas reacts with water to form a dilute solution of sulphuric acid, the main cause of 'acid rain', Acid rain is poisonous to plant life, fish, and other aquatic animals. In recent years, it has devastated large areas of forests in Western Europe and North America. Acid rain also aggravates lung diseases in humans, and erodes the brick and stonework of buildings.

Nitrogen oxide: Oxides of nitrogen in damp conditions, in gaseous state, react with water to form a dilute solution of nitric acid, which can also be a cause of acid rain. They sometimes cause iritation in eyes of humans.

Lead compounds: These are poisonous to plants, and in higher concentrations are also poisonous to animals. Toxic concentrations may build up in the bodies of people who are exposed to lead compounds for any length of time. For example, people who live near a busy motorway are in particular danger, as recent research indicates that such exposure can have a deleterious effect on children's intelligence.

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